▶ 調査レポート

世界のココベタイン市場予測(~2028年):CAB-30、CAB-35、その他

• 英文タイトル:Global Coco Betaine Market 2022 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2028

GlobalInfoResearchが調査・発行した産業分析レポートです。世界のココベタイン市場予測(~2028年):CAB-30、CAB-35、その他 / Global Coco Betaine Market 2022 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2028 / GIR-22E0881資料のイメージです。• レポートコード:GIR-22E0881
• 出版社/出版日:GlobalInfoResearch / 2022年5月
• レポート形態:英文、PDF、121ページ
• 納品方法:Eメール(2~3営業日)
• 産業分類:化学&材料
• 販売価格(消費税別)
  Single User¥522,000 (USD3,480)▷ お問い合わせ
  Multi User¥783,000 (USD5,220)▷ お問い合わせ
  Corporate User¥1,044,000 (USD6,960)▷ お問い合わせ
• ご注文方法:お問い合わせフォーム記入又はEメールでご連絡ください。
• お支払方法:銀行振込(納品後、ご請求書送付)
レポート概要
ココベタイン市場レポートは、世界の市場規模、地域および国レベルの市場規模、セグメント市場の成長性、市場シェア、競争環境、販売分析、国内および世界の市場プレーヤーの影響、バリューチェーンの最適化、最近の動向、機会分析、市場成長の戦略的な分析、製品発売、地域市場の拡大などに関する情報を提供します。
GlobalInfoResearchの最新の調査によると、世界のココベタインの市場規模は2021年のxxx米ドルから2028年にはxxx米ドルと推定され、xxx%の成長率で成長すると予想されます。

ココベタイン市場は種類と用途によって区分されます。2017年~2028年において、量と金額の観点から種類別および用途別セグメントの売上予測データを提供します。この分析は、適格なニッチ市場をターゲットにすることでビジネスを拡大するのに役立ちます。

種類別セグメントは次をカバーします。
・CAB-30、CAB-35、その他

用途別セグメントは次のように区分されます。
・家電産業、自動車産業、その他

世界のココベタイン市場の主要な市場プレーヤーは以下のとおりです。
・Solvay、Clariant、BASF、Lubrizol、Evonik、KAO Chem、EOC、Inolex、Stepan、Croda、Oxiteno、Lonza、Huntsman、Galaxy Sur.、Miwon、Colonial Chem、Taiwan Sur.、Pilot Chem、Enaspol、Tianci、Tianzhi Fine-chem、Roker Chem、DX Chem、Flower's Songs、Top Chem、OLI Bio-tech、Zanyu Tech、Wanli、Mailun Chem

地域別セグメントは次の地域・国をカバーします。
・北米(米国、カナダ、メキシコ)
・ヨーロッパ(ドイツ、フランス、イギリス、ロシア、イタリア)
・アジア太平洋(日本、中国、韓国、インド、東南アジア、オーストラリア)
・南アメリカ(ブラジル、アルゼンチン、コロンビア)
・中東およびアフリカ(サウジアラビア、UAE、エジプト、南アフリカ)

本調査レポートの内容は計15章あります。
・第1章では、ココベタイン製品の調査範囲、市場の概要、市場の成長要因・阻害要因、および市場動向について説明します。
・第2章では、主要なココベタインメーカーの企業概要、2019年~2022年までのココベタインの価格、販売量、売上、市場シェアを掲載しています。
・第3章では、主要なココベタインメーカーの競争状況、販売量、売上、世界市場シェアが重点的に比較分析されています。
・第4章では、2017年~2028年までの地域別ココベタインの販売量、売上、成長性を示しています。
・第5、6章では、2017年~2028年までのココベタインの種類別と用途別の市場規模、市場シェアと成長率を掲載しています。
・第7、8、9、10、11章では、2017年~2022年までの世界の主要国での販売量、売上、市場シェア、並びに2023年~2028年までの主要地域でのココベタイン市場予測を収録しています。
・第12章では、主要な原材料、主要なサプライヤー、およびココベタインの産業チェーンを掲載しています。
・第13、14、15章では、ココベタインの販売チャネル、販売業者、顧客、調査結果と結論、付録、データソースなどについて説明します。

***** 目次(一部) *****

・市場概要
・メーカー情報(企業概要、製品概要、販売量、価格、売上):Solvay、Clariant、BASF、Lubrizol、Evonik、KAO Chem、EOC、Inolex、Stepan、Croda、Oxiteno、Lonza、Huntsman、Galaxy Sur.、Miwon、Colonial Chem、Taiwan Sur.、Pilot Chem、Enaspol、Tianci、Tianzhi Fine-chem、Roker Chem、DX Chem、Flower's Songs、Top Chem、OLI Bio-tech、Zanyu Tech、Wanli、Mailun Chem
・メーカー別市場シェア
・地域別市場分析2017年-2028年
・種類別分析2017年-2028年:CAB-30、CAB-35、その他
・用途別分析2017年-2028年:家電産業、自動車産業、その他
・ココベタインの北米市場規模2017年-2028年:アメリカ、カナダ、メキシコ
・ココベタインのヨーロッパ市場規模2017年-2028年:ドイツ、イギリス、フランス、ロシア、イタリア
・ココベタインのアジア市場規模2017年-2028年:中国、日本、韓国、インド、東南アジア、オーストラリア
・ココベタインの南米市場規模2017年-2028年:ブラジル、アルゼンチン
・ココベタインの中東・アフリカ市場規模2017年-2028年:サウジアラビア、トルコ、エジプト、南アフリカ
・原材料および産業チェーン
・販売チャネル、流通業者・代理店、顧客リスト
・調査の結果・結論

The Coco Betaine market report provides a detailed analysis of global market size, regional and country-level market size, segmentation market growth, market share, competitive Landscape, sales analysis, impact of domestic and global market players, value chain optimization, trade regulations, recent developments, opportunities analysis, strategic market growth analysis, product launches, area marketplace expanding, and technological innovations.
According to our (Global Info Research) latest study, due to COVID-19 pandemic, the global Coco Betaine market size is estimated to be worth US$ million in 2021 and is forecast to a readjusted size of USD million by 2028 with a CAGR of % during review period. Appliance Industry accounting for % of the Coco Betaine global market in 2021, is projected to value USD million by 2028, growing at a % CAGR in next six years. While CAB-30 segment is altered to a % CAGR between 2022 and 2028.
Global key manufacturers of Coco Betaine include Solvay, Clariant, BASF, Lubrizol, and Evonik, etc. In terms of revenue, the global top four players hold a share over % in 2021.
Market segmentation
Coco Betaine market is split by Type and by Application. For the period 2017-2028, the growth among segments provide accurate calculations and forecasts for sales by Type and by Application in terms of volume and value. This analysis can help you expand your business by targeting qualified niche markets.
Market segment by Type, covers
CAB-30
CAB-35
Other
Market segment by Application can be divided into
Appliance Industry
Automobile Industry
Others
The key market players for global Coco Betaine market are listed below:
Solvay
Clariant
BASF
Lubrizol
Evonik
KAO Chem
EOC
Inolex
Stepan
Croda
Oxiteno
Lonza
Huntsman
Galaxy Sur.
Miwon
Colonial Chem
Taiwan Sur.
Pilot Chem
Enaspol
Tianci
Tianzhi Fine-chem
Roker Chem
DX Chem
Flower’s Songs
Top Chem
OLI Bio-tech
Zanyu Tech
Wanli
Mailun Chem
Market segment by region, regional analysis covers
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, and Rest of Europe)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India, Southeast Asia, and Australia)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Rest of South America)
Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, South Africa, and Rest of Middle East & Africa)
The content of the study subjects, includes a total of 15 chapters:
Chapter 1, to describe Coco Betaine product scope, market overview, market opportunities, market driving force and market risks.
Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of Coco Betaine, with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Coco Betaine from 2019 to 2022.
Chapter 3, the Coco Betaine competitive situation, sales, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4, the Coco Betaine breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales, revenue and growth by regions, from 2017 to 2028.
Chapter 5 and 6, to segment the sales by Type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application, from 2017 to 2028.
Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales, revenue and market share for key countries in the world, from 2017 to 2022.and Coco Betaine market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2023 to 2028.
Chapter 12, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of Coco Betaine.
Chapter 13, 14, and 15, to describe Coco Betaine sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion, appendix and data source.

レポート目次

1 Market Overview
1.1 Coco Betaine Introduction
1.2 Market Analysis by Type
1.2.1 Overview: Global Coco Betaine Revenue by Type: 2017 Versus 2021 Versus 2028
1.2.2 CAB-30
1.2.3 CAB-35
1.2.4 Other
1.3 Market Analysis by Application
1.3.1 Overview: Global Coco Betaine Revenue by Application: 2017 Versus 2021 Versus 2028
1.3.2 Appliance Industry
1.3.3 Automobile Industry
1.3.4 Others
1.4 Global Coco Betaine Market Size & Forecast
1.4.1 Global Coco Betaine Sales in Value (2017 & 2021 & 2028)
1.4.2 Global Coco Betaine Sales in Volume (2017-2028)
1.4.3 Global Coco Betaine Price (2017-2028)
1.5 Global Coco Betaine Production Capacity Analysis
1.5.1 Global Coco Betaine Total Production Capacity (2017-2028)
1.5.2 Global Coco Betaine Production Capacity by Geographic Region
1.6 Market Drivers, Restraints and Trends
1.6.1 Coco Betaine Market Drivers
1.6.2 Coco Betaine Market Restraints
1.6.3 Coco Betaine Trends Analysis
2 Manufacturers Profiles
2.1 Solvay
2.1.1 Solvay Details
2.1.2 Solvay Major Business
2.1.3 Solvay Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.1.4 Solvay Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.2 Clariant
2.2.1 Clariant Details
2.2.2 Clariant Major Business
2.2.3 Clariant Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.2.4 Clariant Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.3 BASF
2.3.1 BASF Details
2.3.2 BASF Major Business
2.3.3 BASF Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.3.4 BASF Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.4 Lubrizol
2.4.1 Lubrizol Details
2.4.2 Lubrizol Major Business
2.4.3 Lubrizol Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.4.4 Lubrizol Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.5 Evonik
2.5.1 Evonik Details
2.5.2 Evonik Major Business
2.5.3 Evonik Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.5.4 Evonik Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.6 KAO Chem
2.6.1 KAO Chem Details
2.6.2 KAO Chem Major Business
2.6.3 KAO Chem Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.6.4 KAO Chem Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.7 EOC
2.7.1 EOC Details
2.7.2 EOC Major Business
2.7.3 EOC Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.7.4 EOC Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.8 Inolex
2.8.1 Inolex Details
2.8.2 Inolex Major Business
2.8.3 Inolex Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.8.4 Inolex Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.9 Stepan
2.9.1 Stepan Details
2.9.2 Stepan Major Business
2.9.3 Stepan Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.9.4 Stepan Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.10 Croda
2.10.1 Croda Details
2.10.2 Croda Major Business
2.10.3 Croda Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.10.4 Croda Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.11 Oxiteno
2.11.1 Oxiteno Details
2.11.2 Oxiteno Major Business
2.11.3 Oxiteno Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.11.4 Oxiteno Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.12 Lonza
2.12.1 Lonza Details
2.12.2 Lonza Major Business
2.12.3 Lonza Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.12.4 Lonza Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.13 Huntsman
2.13.1 Huntsman Details
2.13.2 Huntsman Major Business
2.13.3 Huntsman Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.13.4 Huntsman Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.14 Galaxy Sur.
2.14.1 Galaxy Sur. Details
2.14.2 Galaxy Sur. Major Business
2.14.3 Galaxy Sur. Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.14.4 Galaxy Sur. Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.15 Miwon
2.15.1 Miwon Details
2.15.2 Miwon Major Business
2.15.3 Miwon Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.15.4 Miwon Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.16 Colonial Chem
2.16.1 Colonial Chem Details
2.16.2 Colonial Chem Major Business
2.16.3 Colonial Chem Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.16.4 Colonial Chem Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.17 Taiwan Sur.
2.17.1 Taiwan Sur. Details
2.17.2 Taiwan Sur. Major Business
2.17.3 Taiwan Sur. Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.17.4 Taiwan Sur. Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.18 Pilot Chem
2.18.1 Pilot Chem Details
2.18.2 Pilot Chem Major Business
2.18.3 Pilot Chem Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.18.4 Pilot Chem Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.19 Enaspol
2.19.1 Enaspol Details
2.19.2 Enaspol Major Business
2.19.3 Enaspol Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.19.4 Enaspol Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.20 Tianci
2.20.1 Tianci Details
2.20.2 Tianci Major Business
2.20.3 Tianci Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.20.4 Tianci Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.21 Tianzhi Fine-chem
2.21.1 Tianzhi Fine-chem Details
2.21.2 Tianzhi Fine-chem Major Business
2.21.3 Tianzhi Fine-chem Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.21.4 Tianzhi Fine-chem Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.22 Roker Chem
2.22.1 Roker Chem Details
2.22.2 Roker Chem Major Business
2.22.3 Roker Chem Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.22.4 Roker Chem Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.23 DX Chem
2.23.1 DX Chem Details
2.23.2 DX Chem Major Business
2.23.3 DX Chem Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.23.4 DX Chem Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.24 Flower’s Songs
2.24.1 Flower’s Songs Details
2.24.2 Flower’s Songs Major Business
2.24.3 Flower’s Songs Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.24.4 Flower’s Songs Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.25 Top Chem
2.25.1 Top Chem Details
2.25.2 Top Chem Major Business
2.25.3 Top Chem Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.25.4 Top Chem Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.26 OLI Bio-tech
2.26.1 OLI Bio-tech Details
2.26.2 OLI Bio-tech Major Business
2.26.3 OLI Bio-tech Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.26.4 OLI Bio-tech Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.27 Zanyu Tech
2.27.1 Zanyu Tech Details
2.27.2 Zanyu Tech Major Business
2.27.3 Zanyu Tech Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.27.4 Zanyu Tech Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.28 Wanli
2.28.1 Wanli Details
2.28.2 Wanli Major Business
2.28.3 Wanli Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.28.4 Wanli Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
2.29 Mailun Chem
2.29.1 Mailun Chem Details
2.29.2 Mailun Chem Major Business
2.29.3 Mailun Chem Coco Betaine Product and Services
2.29.4 Mailun Chem Coco Betaine Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3 Coco Betaine Breakdown Data by Manufacturer
3.1 Global Coco Betaine Sales in Volume by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3.2 Global Coco Betaine Revenue by Manufacturer (2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022)
3.3 Key Manufacturer Market Position in Coco Betaine
3.4 Market Concentration Rate
3.4.1 Top 3 Coco Betaine Manufacturer Market Share in 2021
3.4.2 Top 6 Coco Betaine Manufacturer Market Share in 2021
3.5 Global Coco Betaine Production Capacity by Company: 2021 VS 2022
3.6 Manufacturer by Geography: Head Office and Coco Betaine Production Site
3.7 New Entrant and Capacity Expansion Plans
3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions
4 Market Analysis by Region
4.1 Global Coco Betaine Market Size by Region
4.1.1 Global Coco Betaine Sales in Volume by Region (2017-2028)
4.1.2 Global Coco Betaine Revenue by Region (2017-2028)
4.2 North America Coco Betaine Revenue (2017-2028)
4.3 Europe Coco Betaine Revenue (2017-2028)
4.4 Asia-Pacific Coco Betaine Revenue (2017-2028)
4.5 South America Coco Betaine Revenue (2017-2028)
4.6 Middle East and Africa Coco Betaine Revenue (2017-2028)
5 Market Segment by Type
5.1 Global Coco Betaine Sales in Volume by Type (2017-2028)
5.2 Global Coco Betaine Revenue by Type (2017-2028)
5.3 Global Coco Betaine Price by Type (2017-2028)
6 Market Segment by Application
6.1 Global Coco Betaine Sales in Volume by Application (2017-2028)
6.2 Global Coco Betaine Revenue by Application (2017-2028)
6.3 Global Coco Betaine Price by Application (2017-2028)
7 North America by Country, by Type, and by Application
7.1 North America Coco Betaine Sales by Type (2017-2028)
7.2 North America Coco Betaine Sales by Application (2017-2028)
7.3 North America Coco Betaine Market Size by Country
7.3.1 North America Coco Betaine Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
7.3.2 North America Coco Betaine Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
7.3.3 United States Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.4 Canada Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
7.3.5 Mexico Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8 Europe by Country, by Type, and by Application
8.1 Europe Coco Betaine Sales by Type (2017-2028)
8.2 Europe Coco Betaine Sales by Application (2017-2028)
8.3 Europe Coco Betaine Market Size by Country
8.3.1 Europe Coco Betaine Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
8.3.2 Europe Coco Betaine Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
8.3.3 Germany Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.4 France Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.5 United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.6 Russia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
8.3.7 Italy Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9 Asia-Pacific by Region, by Type, and by Application
9.1 Asia-Pacific Coco Betaine Sales by Type (2017-2028)
9.2 Asia-Pacific Coco Betaine Sales by Application (2017-2028)
9.3 Asia-Pacific Coco Betaine Market Size by Region
9.3.1 Asia-Pacific Coco Betaine Sales in Volume by Region (2017-2028)
9.3.2 Asia-Pacific Coco Betaine Revenue by Region (2017-2028)
9.3.3 China Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.4 Japan Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.5 Korea Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.6 India Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.7 Southeast Asia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
9.3.8 Australia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
10 South America by Region, by Type, and by Application
10.1 South America Coco Betaine Sales by Type (2017-2028)
10.2 South America Coco Betaine Sales by Application (2017-2028)
10.3 South America Coco Betaine Market Size by Country
10.3.1 South America Coco Betaine Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
10.3.2 South America Coco Betaine Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
10.3.3 Brazil Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
10.3.4 Argentina Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11 Middle East & Africa by Country, by Type, and by Application
11.1 Middle East & Africa Coco Betaine Sales by Type (2017-2028)
11.2 Middle East & Africa Coco Betaine Sales by Application (2017-2028)
11.3 Middle East & Africa Coco Betaine Market Size by Country
11.3.1 Middle East & Africa Coco Betaine Sales in Volume by Country (2017-2028)
11.3.2 Middle East & Africa Coco Betaine Revenue by Country (2017-2028)
11.3.3 Turkey Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.4 Egypt Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.5 Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
11.3.6 South Africa Market Size and Forecast (2017-2028)
12 Raw Material and Industry Chain
12.1 Raw Material of Coco Betaine and Key Manufacturers
12.2 Manufacturing Costs Percentage of Coco Betaine
12.3 Coco Betaine Production Process
12.4 Coco Betaine Industrial Chain
13 Sales Channel, Distributors, Traders and Dealers
13.1 Sales Channel
13.1.1 Direct Marketing
13.1.2 Indirect Marketing
13.2 Coco Betaine Typical Distributors
13.3 Coco Betaine Typical Customers
14 Research Findings and Conclusion
15 Appendix
15.1 Methodology
15.2 Research Process and Data Source
15.3 Disclaimer