 | • レポートコード：MRC309Z4221 • 出版社/出版日：GlobalInfoResearch / 2023年9月 • レポート形態：英文、PDF、103ページ • 納品方法：Eメール（2-3営業日） • 産業分類：機械&装置 |
| Single User | ￥487,200 (USD3,480) | ▷ お問い合わせ |
| Corporate User | ￥974,400 (USD6,960) | ▷ お問い合わせ |
• お支払方法：銀行振込（納品後、ご請求書送付）
レポート概要
| GlobalInfoResearchの最新の調査によると、世界の発泡係留ブイの市場規模は2022年のxxx米ドルから2029年にはxxx米ドルと推定され、xxx％の成長率で成長すると予想されます。新型コロナウイルス感染症とロシア・ウクライナ戦争の影響を考慮しながら市場規模を推計しました。 このレポートは、世界の発泡係留ブイ市場に関する詳細かつ包括的な分析の結果です。定量的分析と定性的分析データが、メーカー別、地域別、国別、種類別、用途別に記載されています。 市場は常に変化しているため、本レポートでは、競争、需要と供給の傾向、および多くの市場にわたる需要の変化に影響する主要な要因を調査しました。主要な競合他社の企業概要と製品例、および2023年の市場シェア予測も記載しました。 本レポートの主な目的は次のとおりです。 - 世界および主要国の市場機会の規模を決定するため - 発泡係留ブイの成長可能性を評価するため - 各製品および最終用途市場の将来の成長を予測するため - 市場に影響を与える競争要因を評価するため 発泡係留ブイ市場は種類と用途によって区分されます。2018年～2029年において、量と金額の観点から種類別および用途別セグメントの売上予測データを提供します。この分析は、適格なニッチ市場をターゲットにすることでビジネスを拡大するのに役立ちます。 種類別セグメント ・円筒形、棒状、その他 用途別セグメント ・フェリーサービス、桟橋、造船所、その他 主要な市場プレーヤー ・Ecocoast、Mobilis、Nuova Rade、DOOWIN - Underwater Lift Bags & Water Weight Bags、Castro、ASAKUA AQUACULTURE & MARINE EQUIPMENTS、Steinsvik、Polyform AS、Pollustock、PHAROS MARINE AUTOMATIC POWER、Aqualine、Tideland Signal、Qingdao Evergreen Maritime 地域別セグメントは次の地域・国をカバーします。 ・北米（米国、カナダ、メキシコ） ・ヨーロッパ（ドイツ、フランス、イギリス、ロシア、イタリア） ・アジア太平洋（日本、中国、韓国、インド、東南アジア、オーストラリア） ・南アメリカ（ブラジル、アルゼンチン、コロンビア） ・中東およびアフリカ（サウジアラビア、UAE、エジプト、南アフリカ） 本調査レポートの内容は計15章あります。 ・第1章では、発泡係留ブイ製品の調査範囲、市場の概要、市場の成長要因・阻害要因、および市場動向について説明します。 ・第2章では、主要な発泡係留ブイメーカーの企業概要、2019年～2022年までの発泡係留ブイの価格、販売量、売上、市場シェアを掲載しています。 ・第3章では、主要な発泡係留ブイメーカーの競争状況、販売量、売上、世界市場シェアが重点的に比較分析されています。 ・第4章では、2018年～2029年までの地域別発泡係留ブイの販売量、売上、成長性を示しています。 ・第5、6章では、2018年～2029年までの発泡係留ブイの種類別と用途別の市場規模、市場シェアと成長率を掲載しています。 ・第7、8、9、10、11章では、2018年～2022年までの世界の主要国での販売量、売上、市場シェア、並びに2023年～2029年までの主要地域での発泡係留ブイ市場予測を収録しています。 ・第12章では、市場力学、成長要因、阻害要因、トレンド、ポーターズファイブフォース分析、新型コロナウイルス感染症とロシア・ウクライナ戦争の影響を掲載しています。 ・第13章では、主要な原材料、主要なサプライヤー、および発泡係留ブイの産業チェーンを掲載しています。 ・第14、15章では、発泡係留ブイの販売チャネル、販売業者、顧客、調査結果について説明します。 ***** 目次(一部) ***** ・市場概要 - 発泡係留ブイの概要 - 種類別分析（2018年vs2022年vs2029年）：円筒形、棒状、その他 - 用途別分析（2018年vs2022年vs2029年）：フェリーサービス、桟橋、造船所、その他 - 世界の発泡係留ブイ市場規模・予測 - 世界の発泡係留ブイ生産能力分析 - 市場の成長要因・阻害要因・動向 ・メーカー情報（企業概要、製品概要、販売量、価格、売上） - Ecocoast、Mobilis、Nuova Rade、DOOWIN - Underwater Lift Bags & Water Weight Bags、Castro、ASAKUA AQUACULTURE & MARINE EQUIPMENTS、Steinsvik、Polyform AS、Pollustock、PHAROS MARINE AUTOMATIC POWER、Aqualine、Tideland Signal、Qingdao Evergreen Maritime ・メーカー別市場シェア・市場集中度 ・地域別市場分析2018年-2029年 ・種類別分析2018年-2029年：円筒形、棒状、その他 ・用途別分析2018年-2029年：フェリーサービス、桟橋、造船所、その他 ・発泡係留ブイの北米市場 - 種類別市場規模2018年-2029年 - 用途別市場規模2018年-2029年 - 主要国別市場規模：アメリカ、カナダ、メキシコなど ・発泡係留ブイのヨーロッパ市場 - 種類別市場規模2018年-2029年 - 用途別市場規模2018年-2029年 - 主要国別市場規模：ドイツ、イギリス、フランス、ロシア、イタリアなど ・発泡係留ブイのアジア市場 - 種類別市場規模2018年-2029年 - 用途別市場規模2018年-2029年 - 主要国別市場規模：中国、日本、韓国、インド、東南アジア、オーストラリアなど ・発泡係留ブイの南米市場 - 種類別市場規模2018年-2029年 - 用途別市場規模2018年-2029年 - 主要国別市場規模：ブラジル、アルゼンチンなど ・発泡係留ブイの中東・アフリカ市場 - 種類別市場規模2018年-2029年 - 用途別市場規模2018年-2029年 - 主要国別市場規模：サウジアラビア、トルコ、エジプト、南アフリカなど ・市場力学（成長要因、阻害要因、トレンド、ポーターズファイブフォース分析） ・原材料および産業チェーン ・販売チャネル、流通業者・代理店、顧客リスト ・調査の結果・結論 |
According to our (Global Info Research) latest study, the global Foam Mooring Buoy market size was valued at USD million in 2022 and is forecast to a readjusted size of USD million by 2029 with a CAGR of % during review period. The influence of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine War were considered while estimating market sizes.
This report is a detailed and comprehensive analysis for global Foam Mooring Buoy market. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses are presented by manufacturers, by region & country, by Type and by Application. As the market is constantly changing, this report explores the competition, supply and demand trends, as well as key factors that contribute to its changing demands across many markets. Company profiles and product examples of selected competitors, along with market share estimates of some of the selected leaders for the year 2023, are provided.
Key Features:
Global Foam Mooring Buoy market size and forecasts, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and average selling prices (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Global Foam Mooring Buoy market size and forecasts by region and country, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and average selling prices (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Global Foam Mooring Buoy market size and forecasts, by Type and by Application, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and average selling prices (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Global Foam Mooring Buoy market shares of main players, shipments in revenue ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and ASP (US$/Unit), 2018-2023
The Primary Objectives in This Report Are:
To determine the size of the total market opportunity of global and key countries
To assess the growth potential for Foam Mooring Buoy
To forecast future growth in each product and end-use market
To assess competitive factors affecting the marketplace
This report profiles key players in the global Foam Mooring Buoy market based on the following parameters – company overview, production, value, price, gross margin, product portfolio, geographical presence, and key developments. Key companies covered as a part of this study include Ecocoast, Mobilis, Nuova Rade, DOOWIN – Underwater Lift Bags & Water Weight Bags and Castro, etc.
This report also provides key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, new product launches or approvals, COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence.
Market Segmentation
Foam Mooring Buoy market is split by Type and by Application. For the period 2018-2029, the growth among segments provides accurate calculations and forecasts for consumption value by Type, and by Application in terms of volume and value. This analysis can help you expand your business by targeting qualified niche markets.
Market segment by Type
Cylindrical
Rod Shape
Other
Market segment by Application
Ferry Service
Pier
Shipyard
Other
Major players covered
Ecocoast
Mobilis
Nuova Rade
DOOWIN – Underwater Lift Bags & Water Weight Bags
Castro
ASAKUA AQUACULTURE & MARINE EQUIPMENTS
Steinsvik
Polyform AS
Pollustock
PHAROS MARINE AUTOMATIC POWER
Aqualine
Tideland Signal
Qingdao Evergreen Maritime
Market segment by region, regional analysis covers
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, and Rest of Europe)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India, Southeast Asia, and Australia)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Rest of South America)
Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, South Africa, and Rest of Middle East & Africa)
The content of the study subjects, includes a total of 15 chapters:
Chapter 1, to describe Foam Mooring Buoy product scope, market overview, market estimation caveats and base year.
Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of Foam Mooring Buoy, with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Foam Mooring Buoy from 2018 to 2023.
Chapter 3, the Foam Mooring Buoy competitive situation, sales quantity, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4, the Foam Mooring Buoy breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales quantity, consumption value and growth by regions, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 5 and 6, to segment the sales by Type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales quantity, consumption value and market share for key countries in the world, from 2017 to 2022.and Foam Mooring Buoy market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2024 to 2029.
Chapter 12, market dynamics, drivers, restraints, trends, Porters Five Forces analysis, and Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War.
Chapter 13, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of Foam Mooring Buoy.
Chapter 14 and 15, to describe Foam Mooring Buoy sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion.
1 Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Foam Mooring Buoy
1.2 Market Estimation Caveats and Base Year
1.3 Market Analysis by Type
1.3.1 Overview: Global Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value by Type: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.3.2 Cylindrical
1.3.3 Rod Shape
1.3.4 Other
1.4 Market Analysis by Application
1.4.1 Overview: Global Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value by Application: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.4.2 Ferry Service
1.4.3 Pier
1.4.4 Shipyard
1.4.5 Other
1.5 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Market Size & Forecast
1.5.1 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
1.5.2 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity (2018-2029)
1.5.3 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Average Price (2018-2029)
2 Manufacturers Profiles
2.1 Ecocoast
2.1.1 Ecocoast Details
2.1.2 Ecocoast Major Business
2.1.3 Ecocoast Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.1.4 Ecocoast Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.1.5 Ecocoast Recent Developments/Updates
2.2 Mobilis
2.2.1 Mobilis Details
2.2.2 Mobilis Major Business
2.2.3 Mobilis Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.2.4 Mobilis Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.2.5 Mobilis Recent Developments/Updates
2.3 Nuova Rade
2.3.1 Nuova Rade Details
2.3.2 Nuova Rade Major Business
2.3.3 Nuova Rade Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.3.4 Nuova Rade Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.3.5 Nuova Rade Recent Developments/Updates
2.4 DOOWIN – Underwater Lift Bags & Water Weight Bags
2.4.1 DOOWIN – Underwater Lift Bags & Water Weight Bags Details
2.4.2 DOOWIN – Underwater Lift Bags & Water Weight Bags Major Business
2.4.3 DOOWIN – Underwater Lift Bags & Water Weight Bags Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.4.4 DOOWIN – Underwater Lift Bags & Water Weight Bags Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.4.5 DOOWIN – Underwater Lift Bags & Water Weight Bags Recent Developments/Updates
2.5 Castro
2.5.1 Castro Details
2.5.2 Castro Major Business
2.5.3 Castro Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.5.4 Castro Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.5.5 Castro Recent Developments/Updates
2.6 ASAKUA AQUACULTURE & MARINE EQUIPMENTS
2.6.1 ASAKUA AQUACULTURE & MARINE EQUIPMENTS Details
2.6.2 ASAKUA AQUACULTURE & MARINE EQUIPMENTS Major Business
2.6.3 ASAKUA AQUACULTURE & MARINE EQUIPMENTS Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.6.4 ASAKUA AQUACULTURE & MARINE EQUIPMENTS Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.6.5 ASAKUA AQUACULTURE & MARINE EQUIPMENTS Recent Developments/Updates
2.7 Steinsvik
2.7.1 Steinsvik Details
2.7.2 Steinsvik Major Business
2.7.3 Steinsvik Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.7.4 Steinsvik Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.7.5 Steinsvik Recent Developments/Updates
2.8 Polyform AS
2.8.1 Polyform AS Details
2.8.2 Polyform AS Major Business
2.8.3 Polyform AS Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.8.4 Polyform AS Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.8.5 Polyform AS Recent Developments/Updates
2.9 Pollustock
2.9.1 Pollustock Details
2.9.2 Pollustock Major Business
2.9.3 Pollustock Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.9.4 Pollustock Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.9.5 Pollustock Recent Developments/Updates
2.10 PHAROS MARINE AUTOMATIC POWER
2.10.1 PHAROS MARINE AUTOMATIC POWER Details
2.10.2 PHAROS MARINE AUTOMATIC POWER Major Business
2.10.3 PHAROS MARINE AUTOMATIC POWER Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.10.4 PHAROS MARINE AUTOMATIC POWER Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.10.5 PHAROS MARINE AUTOMATIC POWER Recent Developments/Updates
2.11 Aqualine
2.11.1 Aqualine Details
2.11.2 Aqualine Major Business
2.11.3 Aqualine Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.11.4 Aqualine Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.11.5 Aqualine Recent Developments/Updates
2.12 Tideland Signal
2.12.1 Tideland Signal Details
2.12.2 Tideland Signal Major Business
2.12.3 Tideland Signal Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.12.4 Tideland Signal Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.12.5 Tideland Signal Recent Developments/Updates
2.13 Qingdao Evergreen Maritime
2.13.1 Qingdao Evergreen Maritime Details
2.13.2 Qingdao Evergreen Maritime Major Business
2.13.3 Qingdao Evergreen Maritime Foam Mooring Buoy Product and Services
2.13.4 Qingdao Evergreen Maritime Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.13.5 Qingdao Evergreen Maritime Recent Developments/Updates
3 Competitive Environment: Foam Mooring Buoy by Manufacturer
3.1 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.2 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Revenue by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.3 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Average Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.4 Market Share Analysis (2022)
3.4.1 Producer Shipments of Foam Mooring Buoy by Manufacturer Revenue ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2022
3.4.2 Top 3 Foam Mooring Buoy Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
3.4.2 Top 6 Foam Mooring Buoy Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
3.5 Foam Mooring Buoy Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
3.5.1 Foam Mooring Buoy Market: Region Footprint
3.5.2 Foam Mooring Buoy Market: Company Product Type Footprint
3.5.3 Foam Mooring Buoy Market: Company Product Application Footprint
3.6 New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
3.7 Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
4 Consumption Analysis by Region
4.1 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Market Size by Region
4.1.1 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
4.1.2 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
4.1.3 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Average Price by Region (2018-2029)
4.2 North America Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.3 Europe Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.4 Asia-Pacific Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.5 South America Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.6 Middle East and Africa Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value (2018-2029)
5 Market Segment by Type
5.1 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
5.2 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value by Type (2018-2029)
5.3 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Average Price by Type (2018-2029)
6 Market Segment by Application
6.1 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
6.2 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value by Application (2018-2029)
6.3 Global Foam Mooring Buoy Average Price by Application (2018-2029)
7 North America
7.1 North America Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
7.2 North America Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
7.3 North America Foam Mooring Buoy Market Size by Country
7.3.1 North America Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
7.3.2 North America Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
7.3.3 United States Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.4 Canada Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.5 Mexico Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8 Europe
8.1 Europe Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
8.2 Europe Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
8.3 Europe Foam Mooring Buoy Market Size by Country
8.3.1 Europe Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
8.3.2 Europe Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
8.3.3 Germany Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.4 France Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.5 United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.6 Russia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.7 Italy Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9 Asia-Pacific
9.1 Asia-Pacific Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
9.2 Asia-Pacific Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
9.3 Asia-Pacific Foam Mooring Buoy Market Size by Region
9.3.1 Asia-Pacific Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
9.3.2 Asia-Pacific Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
9.3.3 China Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.4 Japan Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.5 Korea Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.6 India Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.7 Southeast Asia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.8 Australia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10 South America
10.1 South America Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
10.2 South America Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
10.3 South America Foam Mooring Buoy Market Size by Country
10.3.1 South America Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
10.3.2 South America Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
10.3.3 Brazil Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10.3.4 Argentina Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11 Middle East & Africa
11.1 Middle East & Africa Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
11.2 Middle East & Africa Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
11.3 Middle East & Africa Foam Mooring Buoy Market Size by Country
11.3.1 Middle East & Africa Foam Mooring Buoy Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
11.3.2 Middle East & Africa Foam Mooring Buoy Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
11.3.3 Turkey Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.4 Egypt Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.5 Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.6 South Africa Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
12 Market Dynamics
12.1 Foam Mooring Buoy Market Drivers
12.2 Foam Mooring Buoy Market Restraints
12.3 Foam Mooring Buoy Trends Analysis
12.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis
12.4.1 Threat of New Entrants
12.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
12.4.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers
12.4.4 Threat of Substitutes
12.4.5 Competitive Rivalry
12.5 Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War
12.5.1 Influence of COVID-19
12.5.2 Influence of Russia-Ukraine War
13 Raw Material and Industry Chain
13.1 Raw Material of Foam Mooring Buoy and Key Manufacturers
13.2 Manufacturing Costs Percentage of Foam Mooring Buoy
13.3 Foam Mooring Buoy Production Process
13.4 Foam Mooring Buoy Industrial Chain
14 Shipments by Distribution Channel
14.1 Sales Channel
14.1.1 Direct to End-User
14.1.2 Distributors
14.2 Foam Mooring Buoy Typical Distributors
14.3 Foam Mooring Buoy Typical Customers
15 Research Findings and Conclusion
16 Appendix
16.1 Methodology
16.2 Research Process and Data Source
16.3 Disclaimer